Amazon's Kindle is the world's most popular e-book reader, light, versatile and high-quality, the device has been refined and has helped many people to migrate from reading physical books to reading on electronic devices. But since November 2007, when it was launched on the market, it has a limitation: the Kindle does not accept files in EPUB format .
What Opens Epub Format Files
But things are about to change. Amazon updated the documentation on the Kindle support page and finally lists epub as one of the supported formats for the device. However, the process is not transparent: through the "Send to Kindle" function, the user will be able to send and open epub files on their device, however, these will be automatically converted to a format called AZW3, which is nothing else than EPUB, but with some technical features of Amazon. While this means there won't be full support for EPUB files, it's good news, as we'll finally be able to import books purchased on other platforms to the Kindle.
It seems like the "Choose Application/Always Open With" method does not work. No matter what I do, if I click on an ePub file, it opens in Books. I definitely do not want this as there is a 3rd-Party ePub reader (BookReader.app) I like much better.
eBooks provide a great way to read books, magazines, and other content on the go. Readers can enjoy eBooks to pass the time during long flights and train rides. The most popular eBook file format is the EPUB file, short for "electronic publication." EPUB files are supported across a variety of eReaders and are effectively the standard for eBook publication today.
The EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive. And because everything is based on open standards, we can use common tools to create or examine EPUB files. Let's explore an EPUB file to learn more about it. A guide to tips and tricks for C programming, published earlier this year on Opensource.com, is available in PDF or EPUB format.
EPUB files are a great way to publish content using an open format. The EPUB file format is XML metadata with XHTML content, inside a zip container. While most technical writers use tools to create EPUB files, because EPUB is based on open standards means you can create your own EPUB files in some other way.
Combined with the Send to Kindle tool, that makes it much, much easier to shoot an ePub file over the local Wi-Fi network to your Kindle reader in a few short seconds, either via the desktop or uploaded on the web. The change was spotted by Good E-Reader. It was previously possible to convert ePub files to another format, like Mobi, then manually transfer them to Kindle via USB or the Documents Service, without too much difficulty. But the new change means that you can do all of that without any third-party software.
An EPUB (.epub) file is a universal ebook standard. While it helps to have some technical know-how when working with EPUBs, there are a number of tools available to create and deliver book files in the EPUB format to Apple Books. You can create EPUB files with Pages or other third-party tools, or work with an Apple-preferred partner who can help you get your books on Apple Books.
Thanks Erin for this incredibly informative post. Greatly appreciated. There is a paucity of detailed, accurate information n epub structure/function. Or maybe I just haven't know where to look. totochto
The manifest element contained within the Package Document specifies the one and only manifest used for EPUB processing. Ancillary manifest information contained in the ZIP archive or in the optional manifest.xml file must not be used for EPUB processing purposes. Any extra files in the ZIP archive must not be used in the processing of the EPUB Publication (i.e., files within the ZIP archive that are not listed within the Package Document's manifest element, such as META-INF files or alternate derived renditions of the Publication).
An optional encryption.xml file within the META-INF directory at the root level of the container file system holds all encryption information on the contents of the container. This file is an XML document whose root element is encryption. The encryption element contains child elements of type EncryptedKey and EncryptedData as defined by [XML ENC Core]. Each EncryptedData element describes how one or more files within the container are encrypted. Consequently, if any resource within the container is encrypted, encryption.xml must be present to indicate that the resource is encrypted and provide information on how it is encrypted.
Any or all files in the container can be signed in their entirety with the exception of the signatures.xml file since that file will contain the computed signature information. Whether and how the signatures.xml file should be signed depends on the objective of the signer.
In addition, because of the various content types that can be embedded in OCF files, it is possible that application/epub+zip may describe content that has security implications beyond those described here. However, only in the case where the processor recognizes and processes the additional content, or where further processing of that content is dispatched to other processors, would security issues potentially arise. And in that case, they would fall outside the domain of this registration document.
I have an epub for a hundred-year-old book with the illustrations from the original missing, and no links from TOC to the appropriate places. Wanting to correct that, I tried to open it from iBooks Author 2.2. The pub is grayed out in the Open dialogue. If I select "all files," it is un-grayed, but either way, it cannot be selected.
EPUB is an ebook format with the extension .epub. It is designed for reflowable content, meaning that an EPUB reader can optimize text for a particular display device. The same EPUB file will render flawlessly on a smartphone, tablet, e-reader, or computer. "}},"@type":"Question","name":"\ud83d\ude80 Which are the Best ePUB Reader for Windows PC?","acceptedAnswer":"@type":"Answer","text":"Following are some of the best EPUB readers for PC and Mobile: \ud83d\udc4d Icecream EPUB Reader\ud83d\udc4d Adobe Digital EditionsEpubor ReaderCalibreAmazon KindleFreda","@type":"Question","name":"\u2757 What is EPUB reader?","acceptedAnswer":"@type":"Answer","text":"EPUB file reader is a file viewer software that allows you to view the files stored in EPUB format. It helps you to open and read EPUB extension books and documents. ","@type":"Question","name":"\ud83d\udc49 Can I print EPUB reader extension files?","acceptedAnswer":"@type":"Answer","text":"Generally, eBooks can be printed using most of the EPUB reader tools. It depends on your browser and settings and the kind of operating system you are using. There may be DRM issues, though.
EPUB files can store words, images, stylesheets, fonts, metadata details, and tables of content. ","@type":"Question","name":"\ud83c\udfc5 How to Open and read EPUB Files on Windows?","acceptedAnswer":"@type":"Answer","text":"Following are the steps on how to open ePub file in Windows: Step 1) Download any of the above listed EPUB reader software Step 2) Install and open the software Step 3) Go to File > Add to library Step 4) Locate the saved EPUB document from the folder where you have downloaded on your system Step 5) Open the document by double clicking it and start reading "]}],"@id":" -epub-reader-free.html#schema-21371","isPartOf":"@id":" -epub-reader-free.html#webpage","publisher":"@id":" ","image":"@id":" -epub-reader-free-1.png","inLanguage":"en-US","mainEntityOfPage":"@id":" -epub-reader-free.html#webpage"}]}document.documentElement.classList.remove( 'no-js' );img.wp-smiley,img.emoji display: inline !important;border: none !important;box-shadow: none !important;height: 1em !important;width: 1em !important;margin: 0 0.07em !important;vertical-align: -0.1em 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.button, .wp-block-button__link, input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"], .fl-button, .elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-buttonbox-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0);button:hover, button:focus, button:active, .button:hover, .button:focus, .button:active, .wp-block-button__link:hover, .wp-block-button__link:focus, .wp-block-button__link:active, input[type="button"]:hover, input[type="button"]:focus, input[type="button"]:active, input[type="reset"]:hover, input[type="reset"]:focus, input[type="reset"]:active, input[type="submit"]:hover, input[type="submit"]:focus, input[type="submit"]:active, .elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:hover, .elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:focus, .elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:activebox-shadow:0px 15px 25px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);@media all and (min-width: 1025px).transparent-header .entry-hero .entry-hero-container-innerpadding-top:49px;@media all and (max-width: 1024px).mobile-transparent-header .entry-hero .entry-hero-container-innerpadding-top:49px;@media all and (max-width: 767px).mobile-transparent-header .entry-hero .entry-hero-container-innerpadding-top:49px;.wp-site-blocks .entry-hero-container-innerbackground:var(--global-palette9);#colophonbackground:#323a56;.site-middle-footer-wrap .site-footer-row-container-innerbackground:#323a56;font-style:normal;.site-footer .site-middle-footer-wrap a:where(:not(.button):not(.wp-block-button__link):not(.wp-element-button))color:var(--global-palette1);.site-footer .site-middle-footer-wrap a:where(:not(.button):not(.wp-block-button__link):not(.wp-element-button)):hovercolor:var(--global-palette1);.site-middle-footer-inner-wrappadding-top:0px;padding-bottom:30px;grid-column-gap:0px;grid-row-gap:0px;.site-middle-footer-inner-wrap .widgetmargin-bottom:30px;.site-middle-footer-inner-wrap .widget-area .widget-titlefont-style:normal;font-weight:400;.site-middle-footer-inner-wrap .site-footer-section:not(:last-child):afterright:calc(-0px / 2);.site-top-footer-wrap .site-footer-row-container-innerbackground:#323a56;font-style:normal;color:var(--global-palette4);border-bottom:0px none transparent;.site-footer .site-top-footer-wrap a:not(.button):not(.wp-block-button__link):not(.wp-element-button)color:var(--global-palette1);.site-top-footer-inner-wrappadding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;grid-column-gap:0px;grid-row-gap:0px;.site-top-footer-inner-wrap .widgetmargin-bottom:30px;.site-top-footer-inner-wrap .site-footer-section:not(:last-child):afterborder-right:0px none transparent;right:calc(-0px / 2);@media all and (max-width: 767px).site-top-footer-wrap .site-footer-row-container-innerborder-bottom:1px none #323a56;.site-top-footer-inner-wrap .site-footer-section:not(:last-child):afterborder-right:0px none transparent;.site-bottom-footer-wrap .site-footer-row-container-innerbackground:var(--global-palette9);.site-bottom-footer-inner-wrappadding-top:30px;padding-bottom:30px;grid-column-gap:30px;.site-bottom-footer-inner-wrap .widgetmargin-bottom:30px;.site-bottom-footer-inner-wrap .site-footer-section:not(:last-child):afterright:calc(-30px / 2);.footer-social-wrapmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;.footer-social-wrap .footer-social-inner-wrapfont-size:1.28em;gap:0.3em;.site-footer .site-footer-wrap .site-footer-section .footer-social-wrap .footer-social-inner-wrap .social-buttoncolor:var(--global-palette9);border:2px none transparent;border-color:var(--global-palette9);border-radius:3px;.site-footer .site-footer-wrap .site-footer-section .footer-social-wrap .footer-social-inner-wrap .social-button:hovercolor:var(--global-palette9);border-color:var(--global-palette9);#colophon .footer-htmlfont-style:normal;color:var(--global-palette9);#colophon .site-footer-row-container .site-footer-row .footer-html acolor:var(--global-palette9);#kt-scroll-up-reader, #kt-scroll-upborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:var(--global-palette3);border-color:var(--global-palette4);bottom:30px;font-size:1.2em;padding:0.4em 0.4em 0.4em 0.4em;#kt-scroll-up-reader.scroll-up-side-right, #kt-scroll-up.scroll-up-side-rightright:30px;#kt-scroll-up-reader.scroll-up-side-left, #kt-scroll-up.scroll-up-side-leftleft:30px;#kt-scroll-up-reader:hover, #kt-scroll-up:hovercolor:var(--global-palette2);border-color:var(--global-palette2);#colophon .footer-navigation .footer-menu-container > ul > li > apadding-left:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-right:calc(1.2em / 2);color:var(--global-palette5);#colophon .footer-navigation .footer-menu-container > ul li a:hovercolor:var(--global-palette-highlight);#colophon .footer-navigation .footer-menu-container > ul li.current-menu-item > acolor:var(--global-palette3);body.pagebackground:var(--global-palette9);.entry-hero.page-hero-section .entry-headermin-height:200px;.comment-metadata a:not(.comment-edit-link), .comment-body .edit-link:beforedisplay:none;.entry-hero.post-hero-section .entry-headermin-height:200px;/* Kadence Header CSS */@media all and (max-width: 1024px).mobile-transparent-header #mastheadposition:absolute;left:0px;right:0px;z-index:100;.kadence-scrollbar-fixer.mobile-transparent-header #mastheadright:var(--scrollbar-offset,0);.mobile-transparent-header #masthead, .mobile-transparent-header .site-top-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-inner, .mobile-transparent-header .site-main-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-inner, .mobile-transparent-header .site-bottom-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-innerbackground:transparent;.site-header-row-tablet-layout-fullwidth, .site-header-row-tablet-layout-standardpadding:0px;@media all and (min-width: 1025px).transparent-header #mastheadposition:absolute;left:0px;right:0px;z-index:100;.transparent-header.kadence-scrollbar-fixer #mastheadright:var(--scrollbar-offset,0);.transparent-header #masthead, .transparent-header .site-top-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-inner, .transparent-header .site-main-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-inner, .transparent-header .site-bottom-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-innerbackground:transparent;.site-branding a.brand imgmax-width:135px;.site-branding a.brand img.svg-logo-imagewidth:135px;.site-brandingpadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;#masthead, #masthead .kadence-sticky-header.item-is-fixed:not(.item-at-start):not(.site-header-row-container), #masthead .kadence-sticky-header.item-is-fixed:not(.item-at-start) > .site-header-row-container-innerbackground:#ffffff;.site-main-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-innerborder-bottom:1px solid #cccccc;.site-main-header-inner-wrapmin-height:49px;.site-top-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-innerbackground:var(--global-palette1);.site-top-header-inner-wrapmin-height:0px;.site-bottom-header-inner-wrapmin-height:0px;#masthead .kadence-sticky-header.item-is-fixed:not(.item-at-start):not(.site-header-row-container):not(.item-hidden-above), #masthead .kadence-sticky-header.item-is-fixed:not(.item-at-start):not(.item-hidden-above) > .site-header-row-container-innerbackground:var(--global-palette9);#masthead .kadence-sticky-header.item-is-fixed:not(.item-at-start) .site-branding .site-title, #masthead .kadence-sticky-header.item-is-fixed:not(.item-at-start) .site-branding .site-descriptioncolor:var(--global-palette3);.header-navigation[class*="header-navigation-style-underline"] .header-menu-container.primary-menu-container>ul>li>a:afterwidth:calc( 100% - 2em);.main-navigation .primary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > apadding-left:calc(2em / 2);padding-right:calc(2em / 2);padding-top:0em;padding-bottom:0em;color:#4a5568;.main-navigation .primary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > .dropdown-nav-special-toggleright:calc(2em / 2);.main-navigation .primary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > a:hovercolor:#000000;.main-navigation .primary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item.current-menu-item > acolor:#1a202c;.header-navigation[class*="header-navigation-style-underline"] .header-menu-container.secondary-menu-container>ul>li>a:afterwidth:calc( 100% - 1.2em);.secondary-navigation .secondary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > apadding-left:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-right:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-top:0.6em;padding-bottom:0.6em;color:var(--global-palette9);background:var(--global-palette9);.secondary-navigation .primary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > .dropdown-nav-special-toggleright:calc(1.2em / 2);.secondary-navigation .secondary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > a:hovercolor:#323a56;background:#323a56;.secondary-navigation .secondary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item.current-menu-item > acolor:#323a56;background:#323a56;.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul.sub-menu, .header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul.submenubackground:#1a202c;box-shadow:0px 2px 13px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item, .header-menu-container ul.menu > li.kadence-menu-mega-enabled > ul > li.menu-item > aborder-bottom:1px none rgba(255,255,255,0.1);.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item > awidth:100px;padding-top:4px;padding-bottom:4px;color:var(--global-palette8);font-style:normal;font-size:15px;.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item > a:hovercolor:var(--global-palette9);background:#323a56;.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item.current-menu-item > acolor:var(--global-palette9);background:#2d3748;.mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-opencolor:var(--global-palette3);padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;font-size:14px;.mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-open.menu-toggle-style-borderedborder:1px solid currentColor;.mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-open .menu-toggle-iconfont-size:29px;.mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-open:hover, .mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-open:focuscolor:#087deb;.mobile-navigation ul lifont-size:14px;.mobile-navigation ul li apadding-top:1em;padding-bottom:1em;.mobile-navigation ul li > a, .mobile-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children > .drawer-nav-drop-wrapcolor:#f7fafc;.mobile-navigation ul li > a:hover, .mobile-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children > .drawer-nav-drop-wrap:hovercolor:var(--global-palette9);.mobile-navigation ul li.current-menu-item > a, .mobile-navigation ul li.current-menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .drawer-nav-drop-wrapcolor:var(--global-palette9);.mobile-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children .drawer-nav-drop-wrap, .mobile-navigation ul li:not(.menu-item-has-children) aborder-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);.mobile-navigation:not(.drawer-navigation-parent-toggle-true) ul li.menu-item-has-children .drawer-nav-drop-wrap buttonborder-left:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);#mobile-drawer .drawer-inner, #mobile-drawer.popup-drawer-layout-fullwidth.popup-drawer-animation-slice .pop-portion-bg, #mobile-drawer.popup-drawer-layout-fullwidth.popup-drawer-animation-slice.pop-animated.show-drawer .drawer-innerbackground:#323a56;#mobile-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-togglepadding:0.6em 0.15em 0.6em 0.15em;font-size:24px;#mobile-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle, #mobile-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle:focuscolor:var(--global-palette9);#mobile-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle:hover, #mobile-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle:focus:hovercolor:#0887fc;#main-header .header-buttoncolor:var(--global-palette9);background:var(--global-palette9);border:2px none transparent;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0);#main-header .header-button:hovercolor:#323a56;background:#323a56;box-shadow:0px 15px 25px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);.header-social-wrap .header-social-inner-wrapfont-size:1em;gap:0.3em;.header-social-wrap .header-social-inner-wrap .social-buttonborder:2px none transparent;border-radius:3px;.header-mobile-social-wrap .header-mobile-social-inner-wrapfont-size:1em;gap:0.3em;.header-mobile-social-wrap .header-mobile-social-inner-wrap .social-buttonborder:2px none transparent;border-radius:3px;.search-toggle-open-container .search-toggle-opencolor:var(--global-palette5);.search-toggle-open-container .search-toggle-open.search-toggle-style-borderedborder:1px solid currentColor;.search-toggle-open-container .search-toggle-open .search-toggle-iconfont-size:1em;.search-toggle-open-container .search-toggle-open:hover, .search-toggle-open-container .search-toggle-open:focuscolor:var(--global-palette-highlight);#search-drawer .drawer-innerbackground:rgba(9, 12, 16, 0.97);.mobile-header-button-wrap .mobile-header-button-inner-wrap .mobile-header-buttonborder:2px none transparent;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0);.mobile-header-button-wrap .mobile-header-button-inner-wrap .mobile-header-button:hoverbox-shadow:0px 15px 25px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);/* Kadence Pro Header CSS */.header-navigation-dropdown-direction-left ul ul.submenu, .header-navigation-dropdown-direction-left ul ul.sub-menuright:0px;left:auto;.rtl .header-navigation-dropdown-direction-right ul ul.submenu, .rtl .header-navigation-dropdown-direction-right ul ul.sub-menuleft:0px;right:auto;.header-account-button .nav-drop-title-wrap > .kadence-svg-iconset, .header-account-button > .kadence-svg-iconsetfont-size:1.2em;.site-header-item .header-account-button .nav-drop-title-wrap, .site-header-item .header-account-wrap > .header-account-buttondisplay:flex;align-items:center;.header-account-style-icon_label .header-account-labelpadding-left:5px;.header-account-style-label_icon .header-account-labelpadding-right:5px;.site-header-item .header-account-wrap .header-account-buttontext-decoration:none;box-shadow:none;color:inherit;background:transparent;padding:0.6em 0em 0.6em 0em;.header-mobile-account-wrap .header-account-button .nav-drop-title-wrap > .kadence-svg-iconset, .header-mobile-account-wrap .header-account-button > .kadence-svg-iconsetfont-size:1.2em;.header-mobile-account-wrap .header-account-button .nav-drop-title-wrap, .header-mobile-account-wrap > .header-account-buttondisplay:flex;align-items:center;.header-mobile-account-wrap.header-account-style-icon_label .header-account-labelpadding-left:5px;.header-mobile-account-wrap.header-account-style-label_icon .header-account-labelpadding-right:5px;.header-mobile-account-wrap .header-account-buttontext-decoration:none;box-shadow:none;color:inherit;background:transparent;padding:0.6em 0em 0.6em 0em;#login-drawer .drawer-inner .drawer-contentdisplay:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;position:absolute;top:0px;bottom:0px;left:0px;right:0px;padding:0px;#loginform p labeldisplay:block;#login-drawer #loginformwidth:100%;#login-drawer #loginform inputwidth:100%;#login-drawer #loginform input[type="checkbox"]width:auto;#login-drawer .drawer-inner .drawer-headerposition:relative;z-index:100;#login-drawer .drawer-content_inner.widget_login_form_innerpadding:2em;width:100%;max-width:350px;border-radius:.25rem;background:var(--global-palette9);color:var(--global-palette4);#login-drawer .lost_password acolor:var(--global-palette6);#login-drawer .lost_password, #login-drawer .register-fieldtext-align:center;#login-drawer .widget_login_form_inner pmargin-top:1.2em;margin-bottom:0em;#login-drawer .widget_login_form_inner p:first-childmargin-top:0em;#login-drawer .widget_login_form_inner labelmargin-bottom:0.5em;#login-drawer hr.register-dividermargin:1.2em 0;border-width:1px;#login-drawer .register-fieldfont-size:90%;.tertiary-navigation .tertiary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > apadding-left:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-right:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-top:0.6em;padding-bottom:0.6em;color:var(--global-palette5);.tertiary-navigation .tertiary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > a:hovercolor:var(--global-palette-highlight);.tertiary-navigation .tertiary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item.current-menu-item > acolor:var(--global-palette3);.quaternary-navigation .quaternary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > apadding-left:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-right:calc(1.2em / 2);padding-top:0.6em;padding-bottom:0.6em;color:var(--global-palette5);.quaternary-navigation .quaternary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item > a:hovercolor:var(--global-palette-highlight);.quaternary-navigation .quaternary-menu-container > ul > li.menu-item.current-menu-item > acolor:var(--global-palette3);#main-header .header-dividerborder-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6);height:50%;#main-header .header-divider2border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6);height:50%;#main-header .header-divider3border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6);height:50%;#mobile-header .header-mobile-dividerborder-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6);height:50%;#mobile-header .header-mobile-divider2border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6);height:50%;.header-item-search-bar form ::-webkit-input-placeholdercolor:currentColor;opacity:0.5;.header-item-search-bar form ::placeholdercolor:currentColor;opacity:0.5;.header-search-bar formmax-width:100%;width:240px;.header-mobile-search-bar formmax-width:calc(100vw - var(--global-sm-spacing) - var(--global-sm-spacing));width:240px;.header-widget-lstyle-normal .header-widget-area-inner a:not(.button)text-decoration:underline;.element-contact-inner-wrapdisplay:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;margin-top:-0.6em;margin-left:calc(-0.6em / 2);margin-right:calc(-0.6em / 2);.element-contact-inner-wrap .header-contact-itemdisplay:inline-flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;margin-top:0.6em;margin-left:calc(0.6em / 2);margin-right:calc(0.6em / 2);.element-contact-inner-wrap .header-contact-item .kadence-svg-iconsetfont-size:1em;.header-contact-item imgdisplay:inline-block;.header-contact-item .contact-labelmargin-left:0.3em;.rtl .header-contact-item .contact-labelmargin-right:0.3em;margin-left:0px;.header-mobile-contact-wrap .element-contact-inner-wrapdisplay:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;margin-top:-0.6em;margin-left:calc(-0.6em / 2);margin-right:calc(-0.6em / 2);.header-mobile-contact-wrap .element-contact-inner-wrap .header-contact-itemdisplay:inline-flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;margin-top:0.6em;margin-left:calc(0.6em / 2);margin-right:calc(0.6em / 2);.header-mobile-contact-wrap .element-contact-inner-wrap .header-contact-item .kadence-svg-iconsetfont-size:1em;#main-header .header-button2border:2px none transparent;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0);#main-header .header-button2:hoverbox-shadow:0px 15px 25px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);.mobile-header-button2-wrap .mobile-header-button-inner-wrap .mobile-header-button2border:2px none transparent;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0);.mobile-header-button2-wrap .mobile-header-button-inner-wrap .mobile-header-button2:hoverbox-shadow:0px 15px 25px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);#widget-drawer.popup-drawer-layout-fullwidth .drawer-content .header-widget2, #widget-drawer.popup-drawer-layout-sidepanel .drawer-innermax-width:400px;#widget-drawer.popup-drawer-layout-fullwidth .drawer-content .header-widget2margin:0 auto;.widget-toggle-opendisplay:flex;align-items:center;background:transparent;box-shadow:none;.widget-toggle-open:hover, .widget-toggle-open:focusborder-color:currentColor;background:transparent;box-shadow:none;.widget-toggle-open .widget-toggle-icondisplay:flex;.widget-toggle-open .widget-toggle-labelpadding-right:5px;.rtl .widget-toggle-open .widget-toggle-labelpadding-left:5px;padding-right:0px;.widget-toggle-open .widget-toggle-label:empty, .rtl .widget-toggle-open .widget-toggle-label:emptypadding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;.widget-toggle-open-container .widget-toggle-opencolor:var(--global-palette5);padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;font-size:14px;.widget-toggle-open-container .widget-toggle-open.widget-toggle-style-borderedborder:1px solid currentColor;.widget-toggle-open-container .widget-toggle-open .widget-toggle-iconfont-size:20px;.widget-toggle-open-container .widget-toggle-open:hover, .widget-toggle-open-container .widget-toggle-open:focuscolor:var(--global-palette-highlight);#widget-drawer .header-widget-2style-normal a:not(.button)text-decoration:underline;#widget-drawer .header-widget-2style-plain a:not(.button)text-decoration:none;#widget-drawer .header-widget2 .widget-titlecolor:var(--global-palette9);#widget-drawer .header-widget2color:var(--global-palette8);#widget-drawer .header-widget2 a:not(.button), #widget-drawer .header-widget2 .drawer-sub-togglecolor:var(--global-palette8);#widget-drawer .header-widget2 a:not(.button):hover, #widget-drawer .header-widget2 .drawer-sub-toggle:hovercolor:var(--global-palette9);#mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul lifont-size:14px;#mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li apadding-top:1em;padding-bottom:1em;#mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li > a, #mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children > .drawer-nav-drop-wrapcolor:var(--global-palette8);#mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li.current-menu-item > a, #mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li.current-menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .drawer-nav-drop-wrapcolor:var(--global-palette-highlight);#mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children .drawer-nav-drop-wrap, #mobile-secondary-site-navigation ul li:not(.menu-item-has-children) aborder-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);#mobile-secondary-site-navigation:not(.drawer-navigation-parent-toggle-true) ul li.menu-item-has-children .drawer-nav-drop-wrap buttonborder-left:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-table-of-content-wrapbackground-color:#edf2f7;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;box-shadow:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 0px 14px 0px;max-width:500px;.kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-toggle-icon-style-basiccircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-toggle-icon-style-arrowcircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:before, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:after, .kb-table-of-content-nav.kb-table-of-content-id_d95041-52 .kb-toggle-icon-style-xclosecircle .kb-table-of-contents-icon-trigger:beforebackground-color:#edf2f7;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29 .kt-accordion-panel-inner background:#ffffff;border-width:0px 1px 1px 1px;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29 .wp-block-kadence-pane .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header color:#444444;background:#ffffff;border-color:#eeeeee #eeeeee #eeeeee #eeeeee;font-size:18px;line-height:24px;font-weight:bold;border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;padding-top:14px;padding-right:16px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:16px;margin-top:10px;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29 .kt-blocks-accordion-header .kt-btn-svg-icon svg width:18px;height:18px;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before background:#444444;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger background:#444444;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before background:#ffffff;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus color:#444444;background:#ffffff;border-color:#d4d4d4 #d4d4d4 #d4d4d4 #d4d4d4;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before background:#444444;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger background:#444444;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before background:#ffffff;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active color:#444444;background:#ffffff;border-color:#eeeeee #eeeeee #eeeeee #0e9cd1;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before background:#444444;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger background:#444444;.kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id_36ad06-29:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before background:#ffffff;:root--lasso-main: #5e36ca !important;--lasso-title: black !important;--lasso-button: #22baa0 !important;--lasso-secondary-button: #22baa0 !important;--lasso-button-text: white !important;--lasso-background: white !important;--lasso-pros: #22baa0 !important;--lasso-cons: #e06470 !important;// Notice how this gets configured before we load Font Awesomewindow.FontAwesomeConfig = autoReplaceSvg: false body --global-body-font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;.content-wrap .entry img,.content-wrap .entry p img margin: 0 auto;hrborder-bottom:none;hrborder-top: 1px solid #eee;margin-top: 20px !important;.entry-content a:hover background: #ffec54;atext-decoration:none;tableborder-spacing: 0 !important;border:0;border-collapse: collapse;tdpadding: 0.5rem;thpadding: 0.5rem;border:0;text-align: left !important;.table td border: 0px; border-top: 1px solid #eee;tbody tr:nth-child(2n+1) td, tr:nth-child(2n+1) th background: #f9f9f9;.key-difference border: 1px solid #d6d6d6; background-color: #e0f1f5; padding: 0.938rem; margin-bottom: 20px;.img_caption text-align: center !important;.alert.alert-error background-color: #f6e7e7;border: 1px solid #edd1d0;border-radius: 0.1875rem;box-sizing: inherit;color: #b94a48;margin: 1.5rem 0px;margin-bottom: 1.5rem;padding: 0.938rem;text-align: center;text-shadow: none;.alert-error a color: #000; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;.alert.alert-success background-color: #dfeedf;border: 1px solid #c4e0c4;border-radius: 0.1875rem;box-sizing: inherit;color: #468847;list-style: outside none none;margin: 1.5rem 0px;margin-bottom: 1.5rem;padding: 0.938rem;text-align: center;text-shadow: none;.alert-success a color: #356635; font-weight: bold;.alert.alert-info background-color: #e2eff5;border: 1px solid #c7e0ec;border-radius: 0.1875rem;border-top-left-radius: 3px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;box-sizing: inherit;color: #3a87ad;list-style: outside none none;margin: 1.5rem 0px;margin-bottom: 1.5rem;padding: 0.938rem;text-shadow: none;.alert-info acolor: #2d6987; font-weight: bold;body p margin: 0 0 1.3rem 0 !important;.review-borderborder:1px solid #eee;h1 a, h2 a, h3 a, h4 a, h5 a, h6 acolor: #0556f3;.alert.alert-warning background-color: #f8f4ec;border: 1px solid #eee4d2;border-radius: 0.1875rem;box-sizing: inherit;color: #c09853;list-style: outside none none;margin: 1.5rem 0px;margin-bottom: 1.5rem;padding: 0.938rem;text-shadow: none;.alert-warning a color: #6c5328; font-weight: bold;codebackground-color: #f7f7f7;color: #9c1d3d;padding: 2px 4px;border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);font-size: 1rem;border-radius: 0.1875rem;.button1 background: #2f81ff; color: #fff!important; font-size: 14px; padding: 8px 13px; text-align: center; text-transform: none; white-space: nowrap;ul, ol, dl margin-top: 1.5rem !important; margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;imgdisplay: inline-block;h1margin-top: 10px !important;h2, h3, h4, h5margin: 1.5rem 0 0.75rem 0 !important;.with-ribbon position: relative;.with-ribbon figcaption position: absolute;right: 0;top: 0;padding: 10px;display: inline-block;color: #fff;background: red;.nav-link-center order: 1;.nav-previous order: 0;.nav-next order: 2;.single-content h2:first-child margin-top: 0px !important;.single-content h3margin-top: 0px;.single-content h2margin-top: 0px !important;.entry-contentmargin-top: 0px !important;.entry-metamargin-bottom: 0px !important;.entry-headermargin-bottom: 0px !important;.tool-sticky thborder:1px solid #eee !important;background: #ffe !important;.tool-sticky tdborder: 1px solid #eee !important;.tool-sticky tbody tr:nth-child(2n+1) tdbackground: #fff;.button1 background: #2f81ff; color: #fff!important; font-size: 14px; padding: 8px 13px; text-align: center; text-transform: none; white-space: nowrap;thbackground: #f2f2f2;@media only screen and (max-width: 1023px) table display: block;overflow: scroll;overflow-x: auto;overflow-y: auto;.pagenav background: #df5035; font-size: 1rem; border-radius: 5px; border: 0px; padding: 0.8rem 1rem;color:#fff;.comment-navigation .nav-previous:after, .post-navigation .nav-previous:after position: inherit;.header-menu-container ul.menu>li.kadence-menu-mega-columns-3>ul.sub-menu grid-template-columns: 30% 30% 30%; .single-post .entry-header margin-bottom: 0px !important;.comment-navigation .nav-links, .post-navigation .nav-links display: flex !important;flex-flow: row !important;justify-content: space-between !important;.site-header-row display: flex !important;justify-content: space-evenly;.header-navigation ul margin: 0 !important;.header-menu-container ul.menu>li.kadence-menu-mega-width-custom>ul.sub-menu transition-duration: .5s !important;@media (max-width: 767px) .hidden-phone display: none !important;.vs-sticky min-width: 100px; max-width: 300px; left: 0px; position: sticky; background-color: white !important;@media (max-width: 767px).kt-row-column-wrap.kt-mobile-layout-row>.wp-block-kadence-column margin-bottom: 0px !important;.wp-has-aspect-ratio--aspect-ratio:56.25% !important;.wgs_wrapper td.gsib_apadding: 0px; background: none;.wgs_wrapper .gsc-input-boxborder:1px solid black;@media(max-width: 360px) .responsivetable width: 38%; @media screen and (max-width: 540px) and (min-width: 361px) .responsivetable width: 35%; @media screen and (max-width: 541px) and (min-width: 959px) .responsivetable width: 30%; @media screen and (max-width: 1599px) and (min-width: 960px) .responsivetable width: 16%; @media screen and (min-width: 1600px) .responsivetable width: 15%; h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 font-weight: 700 !important;.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list.is-grid li>acolor:#0556f3;div.w3-container.w3-half box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 100%;div.w3-row.w3-border::after clear: both;content: "";display: table;div.w3-row.w3-border::before clear: both;content: "";display: table;@media (min-width: 601px) div.w3-container.w3-half width: 50%;.top-prosbackground:green;color:#FFF;margin-right: 10px !important;padding:5px;.top-consbackground:darkred;color:#FFF;margin-left: 10px !important;padding:5px;.entry-content a.nohover:hover background: transparent;div.lasso-grid-row .lasso-description min-height: 10px;div.lasso-grid-row .lasso-badge color: #fff;background:#5e36ca !important;div.lasso-grid-row .lasso-description font-size: 20px;.lasso-grid-row .lasso-splash .lasso-title min-height: 10px;a.lasso-button-1background: #2f81ff !important;@media screen and (max-width: 1200px)div.lasso-grid-row .lasso-description min-height: 10px !important;.hilr background-color: #ffb1b5 !important;.hilb background-color: #c1f7ff !important;.hilight background-color: yellow !important;a:hover.button1 background: #2f81ff !important;.header-menu-container ul.menu>li.menu-item-has-children>ul.sub-menu visibility: hidden !important;.header-menu-container ul.menu>li.menu-item-has-children>ul.sub-menu.show visibility: visible !important; opacity: 1; clip: auto; height: auto; overflow: visible;.lasso-badgez-index: 10;.header-menu-container ul.menu>li.kadence-menu-mega-enabled>ul a width: 100% !important;@media (max-width: 500px) .entry-meta-divider-customicon span.meta-label display: none;@media (max-width: 1024px) .primary-sidebar.widget-areadisplay: none;.toolbutton background: #f68700 !important;border-radius: 1000px;padding: 10px 27px;color: #ffffff !important;display: inline-block;font-weight: bold;font-size: 27px;letter-spacing: 0.8px;a:hover.toolbutton background: #ff9f00 !important;color: #ffffff !important;.site-main-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-inner border-bottom: 1px solid #cccccc;.box12border: 0.3px solid #eee; box-sizing: border-box; border-radius: 8px; padding-top: 10px; padding-left: 15px; line-height: 1.8em; background: #F6FCFF;div.w3-topta-container1.w3-topta-half1 box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 100%;border: 1px solid #e0def5;margin: 5px;border-radius: 15px;padding: 10px;background-color: #f2f1fb;div.w3-topta-row1.w3-topta-border1::after clear: both;content: "";display: table;div.w3-topta-row1.w3-topta-border1::before clear: both;content: "";display: table;@media (min-width: 766px) div.w3-topta-container1.w3-topta-half1 width: 18.5%;@media (min-width: 766px) div.topta-lastbox width: 19% !important;.topta-button2 background: #2f81ff !important; color: #fff!important; font-size: 18px; padding: 10px 50px; text-align: center; text-transform: none; white-space: nowrap;border-radius: 1000px;@media only screen and (min-width: 767px) and (max-width: 1023px) .topta-button2 padding: 10px 15px !important; @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1149px) .topta-button2 padding: 10px 30px !important; div.elementor-widget-topta-container99 box-sizing: border-box;color: #111111;font-size: 15px;line-height: 25.5px;word-wrap: break-word;margin-bottom:15px;div.top-3__topta-best-choise99 align-items: center;background: #5e36ca;bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;color: white;display: flex;font-size: 15px;font-weight: 600;height: 40px;justify-content: center;left: 0px;line-height: 25.5px;margin: -30px auto 0px;position: relative;right: 0px;text-align: center;text-transform: capitalize;top: 0px;width: 150px;word-wrap: break-word;div.top-3__topta-best-choise99::before border-style: solid;border-width: 0px 0px 20px 20px;content: "";left: 0px;margin-left: -20px;position: absolute;top: 0px;border-color: transparent transparent #1e0b7c transparent;@media (max-width: 766px) div.top-3__topta-best-choise99margin: -15px auto 0px 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